The joint problems can occur at a very different age, regardless of the sexual person. This factor significantly reduces the quality of life and limits the degree of mobility of the joints and limbs, providing multiple inconveniences and pain. Very often, diseases of the musculoskeletal system have a genetically determined and age -related nature. According to statistics, after the start of 50 years, the risk of osteoarthritis and arthritis increases 5 times.
Most of the time, the elderly people, as well as professional athletes, face osteoarthritis. This disease is a real problem, since it triggers irreversible processes in cartilage and joints, which leads to severe degenerative destruction. In the absence of high quality and timely treatment, the pathology progresses, destroys healthy fabrics and makes the limb less mobile.
Concept
What is osteoarthritis for medical definitions? How dangerous is human health disease and it is possible to recover completely from this ailment?
Arthrohrosis is a specific joint disease, which is degenerative-disco. The appearance of the disease implies a slow destruction and phases of the cartilage and the joint. Destruction occurs from the inside, causing irreversible global changes to the joint ends of the bones.
The peculiarity and danger of osteoarthritis are found in its slow progression. It is quite difficult to detect the problem in the initial stages, since in reality it is not manifested symptomatically. With osteoarthritis, inflammation is observed, which, under the influence of a series of pathogenic factors, progresses and improves. Then, in the future, the joints and cartilage suffer from the degeneration of the perioster tissues and begin to collapse.
Arthosis is an extremely common disease that occurs in each fifth person in the world. Such frequent incidence is associated not only with an increase in people's average life expectancy, but also with a deterioration in the general environmental state, diet and working conditions. In recent decades, osteoarthritis has significantly "younger. "Then, doctors began to fulfill more and more when the disease manifested in people whose age did not exceed 30 years.
The reasons for the development of osteoarthritis
The most common cause of osteoarthritis is a violation of normal metabolism within cartilage. A similar failure leads to the fact that the cartilage of the joint begins to lose its strength and elasticity. It is this moment that radically affects the mobility of the articulation, its performance and resistance. As the "work" properties of the fabric are lost, osteoarthritis begins to progress inexorably.
It is worth noting that failure in metabolism does not happen by chance. Mechanical and biological factors can contribute to this. Doctors identify the following most common reasons:
- inheritance;
- hormonal imbalance;
- excessive physical activity;
- Soriasis;
- serious injuries;
- Rheumatoid arthritis.
Important! Most of the time, osteoarthritis occurs due to regular and strong physical effort, that athletes, mines, mechanics can face. The irregular load exerts excessive pressure on the cartilage, which begins to wash, collapse and lose its softening properties.
The additional reasons that cause an articulations disease should be attributed:
- Bad and unbalanced nutrition;
- obesity, overweight;
- thyroid dysfunction;
- hypothermia;
- tuberculosis;
- encephalitis;
- regular colds;
- syphilis;
- gonorrhea;
- age after 50 years;
- poisoning;
- autoimmune diseases;
- purulent arthritis;
- hemophilia;
- Not in the blood supply at the head of the femoral bones.
Important!Several infections, for example, intestinal or urinary nature, are also capable of provoking osteoarthritis. The treatment of infectious osteoarthritis is carried out according to an individual scheme and aims to suppress the infection approach.
The causes of osteoarthritis can also be in genetic failures, namely:
- The disease called Bushar Knots can be hereditary. People who fall at risk are showing a regular exam by a doctor and preventive therapy.
- Incorrect joint and cartilage training in the period of intrauterine development. So, there is rapid destruction of the joints, which leads to dysplasia.
- Collagen mutations. There is rapid destruction of connective tissue, cartilage.
Important! The joint is observed due to the partial or abundant loss of proteoglycans. A similar phenomenon occurs in the presence of quite significant cracks in the cartilage or due to insufficient lubricant production.
Symptoms
Arthosis and its symptoms depend directly on the type of ailment, as well as the degree of negligence. As you know, in the initial stages, the disease is actually declared in any way. Low intensity is associated with a low loss of proteoglycans.
The first and main symptom that indicates the presence of osteoarthritis is unpleasant, painful and obsessive joint pain. Poms discomfort in a decrease in the joint and, sometimes, intensifies with a sharp change in the climate. As worsening, pain becomes more stable and strong, sometimes depriving a sick person even appetite and sleeping. The pain of the articulation over time begins to change, deform, swell. In addition, a person's status is complicated by such symptoms:
- Reduction of activity and mobility: arthrosis in the joints is manifested in the form of restriction, which significantly limits a person in the normal and complete movement. A person has the feeling that a sore limb has increased several times by weight and has lost its sensitivity.
- Cryst - In the presence of osteoarthritis, it is distinguished by its clarity and "dryness. "Often, this symptom causes discomfort. There is a similar condition due to a decrease in the softness of the rotation of the bones.
- Red: In some cases, inflammation of the sick joint manifests itself as a change in the color of the upper skin of the skin. As a general rule, this indicates the negligence of the State, as well as a significant deformation of the articulation.
Important! The intensity of joint pain is almost always improved at night, as well as after physical work. Unpleasant pain disappears after taking analgesics, as well as after a short break.
Stages
Answer a question about osteoarthritis: what it is, it should be understood that this disease is not completely cured. The ailment can be restricted and maintained throughout life, providing a normal and dignified quality of life.
The success of the treatment of osteoarthritis depends directly on its stage. The sooner the patient communicates with the doctor with his problem, the more possibilities he will have to achieve a stable and prolonged recovery. Arthrosis is divided into such stages:
- The initial stage is characterized by the smallest manifestation of the symptoms. It does not interfere with the normal functioning of the joints, although it makes it very difficult. This stage of the disease is characterized by the presence of stiffness in the movements in the morning, a slight pain, a weird crunch.
- The second stage: the disease significantly prevents the performance of daily work. In this way, the disease acquires a more acute character. During the movements, a different crunch is heard in the joint, the pain is pronounced. A violation of normal joint biomechanics is observed, but relative mobility is preserved.
- The third stage is characterized by a loss of performance and mobility of the joints. In this case, there is a serious deformation and destruction of the articulation. The patient is concerned about severe pain, the amplitude of the movements is seriously limited. Muscle tissue is worsened to a large extent.
- The fourth stage is the final and most serious stage of the disease, which is characterized by the complete destruction of the joint and a violation of its functionality. This form of osteoarthritis is distinguished by global pain syndrome, the lack of mobility of the sore limb.
Important! In the initial stages, patients show a conservative treatment, which is based on drug therapy, diet and special gymnastics. With advanced stages of osteoarthritis, surgical intervention is indicated, which implies the implementation of an artificial prosthesis.
Diagnostic studies
The detailed diagnosis and laboratory tests allow you to determine the presence of an accurate diagnosis, establish its form and type. With osteoarthritis, the following types of research are shown:
- The history of anamnesis: the doctor is interested in patient's health, establishes the nature and intensity of symptoms, determines the time of appearance of the first signs of the disease;
- Radiography: It helps determine the condition of the joints, reveals the narrowing of the articular gap, the appearance of osteophytes, stamps, deformation;
- Blood outstanding: detects the speed and degree of deduction of red blood cells.
Important! In addition, the doctor can name CT and MRI. In some cases, synovial fluid analysis and histological analysis are indicated.
Treatment of osteoarthritis
How to treat osteoarthritis can only be resolved by a doctor. Therapy in the initial stages should assume pathogenetic and complex treatment methods. It should help eliminate inflammation, suppress the degenerative process and restore the work functions of the articulation.
The effective and effective treatment includes the following principles:
- lack of excessive loads;
- following the orthopedic regime;
- Medical Physical Education and approval of special massage courses;
- Visiting sanatoriums;
- physiotherapy;
- Oxygen therapy: saturation of sore joints with oxygen;
- The internal blocking appointment.
Important! The car -medical is unacceptable in case of suspicion of osteoarthritis. The un controlled medication, as well as the inappropriate use of the popular remedies of medicine, can only worsen the inflammatory process and accelerate the destruction of the cartilage tissue.
How to treat osteoarthritis? The treatment of this ailment is based on such medications:
- Anti -inflamatory: slows down the course of the disease, relieve pain, which helps significantly improve the good and quality of life of a sick person. For optimal treatment, non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs are used.
- Hormonal: They are used in the acute stage of osteoarthritis. They help to suppress pain syndrome and improve good in general.
- Protectors: Restoring the cartilage, contributes to the improvement of the composition of the synovial fluid.
Important! In particularly difficult disease cases, doctors recipe an analgesic of medicines to the patient. These medications are used only if standard therapy has not brought the desired results.
Nutrition
In addition to high quality treatment, a no less important place is occupied by adequate nutrition with a disease as specific as osteoarthritis. In case of disease, it is extremely necessary to eat completely and useful.
If the patient is overweight, then everything should be done to reduce it. This will help relieve unnecessary load in the joints and guarantee its fastest recovery. Even in the absence of additional kilograms, it is necessary to eat correctly. Of the daily diet must exclude:
- rapid carbohydrates;
- alcohol;
- condiments;
- sweets;
- Fat and spicy dishes.
The emphasis should be put into such food;
- fish;
- Low -fat varieties in fat;
- SOUR -MILK PRODUCTS;
- vegetables;
- fruits;
- grain;
- seafood.
With osteoarthritis, doctors advise you to eat gelatin. Of course, this must be done in reasonable quantities. These passes are a warehouse of important trace elements and vitamins. In addition, the gelatin contributes to the restoration of the cartilage. However, it is recommended to prepare this product independently. Therefore, it will probably be sure of its absolute naturalness and utility.
Possible complications
Ignoring symptoms leads to irreversible consequences. The lack of treatment always causes the complete destruction of the joint and also causes changes in the spine in biomechanics. The main complications of osteoarthritis include:
- complete destruction of the joint;
- joint deformation;
- lack of human mobility;
- The appearance of hernias,
- Degeneration development in healthy joints;
- significant decrease in the quality of life;
- Obtaining disability.
To avoid the appearance of deterioration and a significant deformation of the cartilage and the joints, it is necessary to provide the patient with high quality and highly qualified medical care. This will stop the degenerative processes and guarantee the preservation of the integrity of the bone and the joints.
Forecast
The forecast for joint disease depends directly on several factors, namely:
- type of ailment;
- shape;
- The quality level of therapy.
With a timely detected disease, the patient can have a successful result, which will preserve the joint in a mobile state. However, it should be remembered that even with a state of neglected osteoarthritis, the patient can have a positive result due to prostheses.
Preventive measures
The prevention of osteoarthritis, like many other diseases of the musculoskeletal system, implies adjusting their own lifestyle. This is worth it:
- excess weight prevention;
- exclusion of severe physical effort;
- Power adjustment;
- lack of stressful factors;
- Timely treatment of the acute stage of the disease.
The treatment of osteoarthritis and their prevention are the aggregate concepts that should be sets if a person wants to maintain control of their ailment, live a rich and full life.